利用Python爬取全国250m精度的人口数据、房价数据和公交站（线路）等数据(二)-python黑洞网

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利用Python爬取全国250m精度的人口数据、房价数据和公交站（线路）等数据(二)

发布于2019-08-05 18:46 阅读(1444) 评论(0) 点赞(2) 收藏(2)

上一篇文章利用Python爬取全国250m精度的人口数据、房价数据和公交站（线路）等数据(一) 介绍了如何爬取数据，但是没有介绍如何爬取全国数据，这篇文章具体介绍下。

import requests
import json
import pandas as pd
import time 

#地图范围 73.063112,2.995764,135.172386,53.802238

header = {'Accept': '*/*',
               'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en;q=0.8',
               'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0',
               'origin':'origin: https://editor.geoq.cn',
               'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.86 Safari/537.36',
               'Connection': 'keep-alive',
               'Referer': '你自己创建的链接'
               }
def get_data(radius=250,step=0.1,xmin=73.06,xmax=135.17,ymin=2.99,ymax=53.81):
    xlen=round((xmax-xmin)/step)
    ylen=round((ymax-ymin)/step)
    print(xlen)
    print(ylen)
    x1=xmin
    x2=xmin+step
    y1=ymin
    y2=ymin+step
    num=0
    for i in range(1,xlen):
        start_i = time.clock()
        for j in range(1,ylen):
            time.sleep(0.001)
            values={
           "citycode":"000000",
           "extent":"["+str(x1)+","+str(y1)+","+str(x2)+","+str(y2)+"]",
           "inSR":"4326",
           "outSR":"4326",
           "grid":"square",
           "radius":str(radius),
           "f":"geojson",
           "condition":'{"pop":[]}'
        }
            url='https://editor.geoq.cn/editormobile/proxy.do?type=GeoDataService&handle=filterservice/regionfilter'
            response = requests.request('POST', url, data=values,headers = header)
            datas=response.text
            dictdatas=json.loads(datas)#dumps是将dict转化成str格式，loads是将str转化成dict格式
            result=dictdatas['result']
            features=result['features']
            #time.sleep(0.001)
            #c1 = pd.DataFrame(features)
            #c1.to_json('GeoqPop.json')
        
            tem=[]
            for m in range(0,len(features)):
                geometry=features[m]['geometry']
                coordinates=geometry['coordinates']
                properties=features[m]['properties']
                pop=properties['pop']
                point=coordinates[0]
                p0x=point[0][0]
                p0y=point[0][1]
                p1x=point[1][0]
                p1y=point[1][1]
                p2x=point[2][0]
                p2y=point[2][1]
                p3x=point[3][0]
                p3y=point[3][1]
                centerx=(p0x+p1x+p2x+p3x)/4
                centery=(p0y+p1y+p2y+p3y)/4       
                tem.append([round(centerx,4),round(centery,4),pop])
                  
            c = pd.DataFrame(tem)
            c.to_csv('GeoqChinaPop.txt',mode='a',index = False,header=None,encoding='utf-8-sig')
            x1=xmin+i*step
            y1=ymin+j*step
            x2=xmin+(i+1)*step
            y2=ymin+(j+1)*step
            num+=1
            print("当前正在爬取网格大小为"+str(radius)+"m精度的人口数据，目前爬取到第"+str(j)+"行第"+str(i)+"列，"+"总共爬取了"+str(100*num/(xlen*ylen))+"%")
        elapsed_i = (time.clock() - start_i)
        print("爬取第"+str(i)+"列用时:"+str(elapsed_i))

if __name__ =='__main__':
    start = time.clock()
    get_data(250,0.1,73.06,135.17,17.50,54.22)
    end = time.clock()
    t=end-start
    print("程序总共耗时："+str(t))

可以利用get_data(250,0.1,73.06,135.17,17.50,54.22)这个函数来爬取全国的数据，范围是全国，为了避免漏掉数据，所以extent范围还是主动扩大了一些（这导致一开始可能会爬到很多空数据，消耗时间）按照全国这个范围，0.1度循环下去，一共621列367行，一行测试出来爬取时间是262秒，如果要爬取全部一共要691天哈哈。

看来应该搞一个分布式了，这样太慢了，这里暂时先不管了，以后有时间再说。

还是先搞一个南京的吧，其他城市的我暂时也不需要，按照城市来的话挺快的。爬取第18列用时:6.261595580461972s
程序总共耗时：156.5806489491781s

其实如果想爬其他数据也很简单，只要把参数换一下，然后查看其response数据格式，和人口的一模一样

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Thu Mar 28 17:11:01 2019

@author: 武状元
"""
import requests
import json
import pandas as pd
import time 

#地图范围 73.063112,2.995764,135.172386,53.802238

header = {'Accept': '*/*',
               'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en;q=0.8',
               'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0',
               'origin':'origin: https://editor.geoq.cn',
               'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.86 Safari/537.36',
               'Connection': 'keep-alive',
               'Referer': '你自己的链接'
               }
def get_data(radius=250,step=0.1,xmin=73.06,ymin=2.99,xmax=135.17,ymax=53.81):
    xlen=round((xmax-xmin)/step)
    ylen=round((ymax-ymin)/step)
    print(xlen)
    print(ylen)
    x1=xmin
    x2=xmin+step
    y1=ymin
    y2=ymin+step
    num=0
    for i in range(1,xlen):
        start_i = time.clock()
        for j in range(1,ylen):
            time.sleep(0.001)
            values={
           "citycode":"000000",
           "extent":"["+str(x1)+","+str(y1)+","+str(x2)+","+str(y2)+"]",
           "inSR":"4326",
           "outSR":"4326",
           "grid":"square",
           "radius":str(radius),
           "f":"geojson",
           "condition":'{"estate_avg_price":[]}'
        }
            url='https://editor.geoq.cn/editormobile/proxy.do?type=GeoDataService&handle=filterservice/regionfilter'
            response = requests.request('POST', url, data=values,headers = header)
            datas=response.text
            dictdatas=json.loads(datas)#dumps是将dict转化成str格式，loads是将str转化成dict格式
            result=dictdatas['result']
            features=result['features']
        
            tem=[]
            for m in range(0,len(features)):
                geometry=features[m]['geometry']
                coordinates=geometry['coordinates']
                properties=features[m]['properties']
                estate_avg_price=properties['estate_avg_price']
                point=coordinates[0]
                p0x=point[0][0]
                p0y=point[0][1]
                p1x=point[1][0]
                p1y=point[1][1]
                p2x=point[2][0]
                p2y=point[2][1]
                p3x=point[3][0]
                p3y=point[3][1]
                centerx=(p0x+p1x+p2x+p3x)/4
                centery=(p0y+p1y+p2y+p3y)/4       
                tem.append([round(centerx,4),round(centery,4),estate_avg_price])
                  
            c = pd.DataFrame(tem)
            c.to_csv('GeoqPrice_nanjing.txt',mode='a',index = False,header=None,encoding='utf-8-sig')
            x1=xmin+i*step
            y1=ymin+j*step
            x2=xmin+(i+1)*step
            y2=ymin+(j+1)*step
            num+=1
            print("当前正在爬取网格大小为"+str(radius)+"m精度的平均房价数据，目前爬取到第"+str(j)+"行第"+str(i)+"列，"+"总共爬取了"+str(100*num/(xlen*ylen))+"%")
        elapsed_i = (time.clock() - start_i)
        print("爬取第"+str(i)+"列用时:"+str(elapsed_i))

if __name__ =='__main__':
    start = time.clock()
    get_data(250,0.1,117.66467283479871,31.03457902411351,119.60650633089246,32.71843925265175)
    #get_data(250,0.1,73.06,17.50,135.17,54.22)
    end = time.clock()
    t=end-start
    print("程序总共耗时："+str(t))

之后测试大概用了178秒，南京250m格网房价数据爬取完毕。

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